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Huilong LIN, Ruichao LI, Yifan LIU, Jingrong ZHANG, Jizhou REN
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第1期 页码 69-80 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017140
关键词: arable land equivalent unit (ALEU) food equivalent unit (FEU) food security grassland agriculture time trend prediction
Cadmium pollution from phosphate fertilizers in arable soils and crops: an overview
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《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 419-430 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019273
The application of mineral and organic phosphorus fertilizers to arable land has greatly increased crop yield to meet the world food demand. On the other hand, impurities in these fertilizers, such as heavy metals, are being added to agricultural soils, resulting both from the raw materials themselves and the processes used to obtain the final product. Cadmium, a non-essential and toxic heavy metal, has been found in relatively high amounts in common P fertilizers obtained from sediments. This metal poses a high risk for soil fertility, crop cultivation, and plants in general. Furthermore, human health might be compromised by the cadmium concentrations in agricultural and livestock products, due to the bioaccumulation effect in the food web. The accumulation in the different matrixes is the result of the high mobility and flexible availability of this harmful metal. This review summarizes risks to human health, the factors influencing cadmium movement in soils and crop uptake, as well as common plant responses to its toxicity. In addition, it summarizes cadmium balances in soils, trends, long-term experiments, and further studies. Cadmium inputs and outputs in arable soil, together with their calculated concentrations, are compared between two different regions: the European countries (in particular Germany) and China. The comparison appears useful because of the different proportions in the inputs and outputs of cadmium, and the diverse geographical, environmental and social factors. Moreover, these variables and their influences on cadmium contamination improve the understanding of the pollution from phosphate fertilizers and will help to establish future mitigation policies.
关键词: soil pollution arable land crop production cadmium balance P fertilizer cadmium toxicity
China’s new problems of food security revealed by the Food Equivalent Unit
Huilong LIN,Ruichao LI,Cangyu JIN,Chong WANG,Maohong WEI,Jizhou REN
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第1期 页码 69-76 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014023
关键词: food security nutrition security food equivalent unit grassland agriculture China
THE 4C APPROACH AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND SPECIES INTERACTIONS DETERMINING INTERCROPPING PRODUCTIVITY
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 387-399 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021414
Modern agriculture needs to develop transition pathways toward agroecological, resilient and sustainable farming systems. One key pathway for such agroecological intensification is the diversification of cropping systems using intercropping and notably cereal-grain legume mixtures. Such mixtures or intercrops have the potential to increase and stabilize yields and improve cereal grain protein concentration in comparison to sole crops. Species mixtures are complex and the 4C approach is both a pedagogical and scientific way to represent the combination of four joint effects of Competition, Complementarity, Cooperation, and Compensation as processes or effects occurring simultaneously and dynamically between species over the whole cropping cycle. Competition is when plants have fairly similar requirements for abiotic resources in space and time, the result of all processes that occur when one species has a greater ability to use limiting resources (e.g., nutrients, water, space, light) than others. Complementarity is when plants grown together have different requirements for abiotic resources in space, time or form. Cooperation is when the modification of the environment by one species is beneficial to the other(s). Compensation is when the failure of one species is compensated by the other(s) because they differ in their sensitivity to abiotic stress. The 4C approach allows to assess the performance of arable intercropping versus classical sole cropping through understanding the use of abiotic resources.
关键词: compensation competition complementarity cooperation interspecific interactions land equivalent ratio light nutrients species mixtures water
Zilian QU,Yonggang MENG,Qian ZHAO
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第10卷 第1期 页码 1-6 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0325-2
This paper proposes a new eddy current method, named equivalent unit method (EUM), for the thickness measurement of the top copper film of multilayer interconnects in the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process, which is an important step in the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing. The influence of the underneath circuit layers on the eddy current is modeled and treated as an equivalent film thickness. By subtracting this equivalent film component, the accuracy of the thickness measurement of the top copper layer with an eddy current sensor is improved and the absolute error is 3 nm for sampler measurement.
关键词: CMP eddy current multilayer wafer Cu interconnects equivalent unit
郑海霞,尤飞,罗其友,唐华俊
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期 页码 20-28 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.003
受农业高质量发展、食物消费结构转型升级、气候变化的多重影响,我国农业资源供需平衡日益趋紧,因而统筹利用国际国内两种资源、两个市场,保障我国中长期粮食安全至关重要。本文在对比分析国内、国际农业资源的基础上,研究了我国2035 年和2050 年的粮食消费需求、消费结构、供给结构,分析了未来农业资源供需缺口以及虚拟水、虚拟耕地的可进口潜力与进口来源地,据此展望了我国农业水土资源利用的目标。研究表明:我国虚拟耕地进口将在2048 年前后达到峰值,需进口虚拟耕地近6.147×107 hm2;虚拟水进口量在2045 年前后达到峰值,虚拟水进口量为1.136×108 m3(以蓝水估算),约为2017 年全国农业总用水量的30%;可增加的耕地进口潜力主要来自南美洲和非洲。
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第2期 页码 245-271 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021439
Agricultural intensification and the subsequent decline of mixed farming systems has led to an increase in continuous cropping with only a few fallow or break years, undermining global soil health. Arable-ley rotations incorporating temporary pastures (leys) lasting 1–4 years may alleviate soil degradation by building soil fertility and improving soil structure. However, the majority of previous research on arable-ley rotations has utilized either grass or grass-clover leys within ungrazed systems. Multispecies leys, containing a mix of grasses, legumes, and herbs, are rapidly gaining popularity due to their promotion in agri-environment schemes and potential to deliver greater ecosystem services than conventional grass or grass-clover leys. Livestock grazing in arable-ley rotations may increase the economic resilience of these systems, despite limited research of the effects of multispecies leys on ruminant health and greenhouse gas emissions. This review aims to evaluate previous research on multispecies leys, highlighting areas for future research and the potential benefits and disbenefits on soil quality and livestock productivity. The botanical composition of multispecies leys is crucial, as legumes, deep rooted perennial plants (e.g., Onobrychis viciifolia and Cichorium intybus) and herbs (e.g., Plantago lanceolata) can increase soil carbon, improve soil structure, reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements, and promote the recovery of soil fauna (e.g., earthworms) in degraded arable soils while delivering additional environmental benefits (e.g., biological nitrification inhibition and enteric methane reduction). Multispecies leys have the potential to deliver biologically driven regenerative agriculture, but more long-term research is needed to underpin evidence-based policy and farmer guidance.
A modified zone model for estimating equivalent room thermal capacity
Hua CHEN, Xiaolin WANG
《能源前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期 页码 351-357 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0254-x
关键词: room model thermal network analysis transfer function heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system simulation
Distribution of background equivalent static wind load on high-rise buildings
Jianguo ZHANG , Ming GU ,
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第3期 页码 241-248 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0036-z
关键词: high-rise buildings along-wind cross-wind background equivalent static wind load close formulae
Hao WANG, Fengge ZHANG, Tao GUAN, Siyang YU
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第12卷 第3期 页码 420-426 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0439-9
A brushless electrically excited synchronous generator (BEESG) with a hybrid rotor is a novel electrically excited synchronous generator. The BEESG proposed in this paper is composed of a conventional stator with two different sets of windings with different pole numbers, and a hybrid rotor with powerful coupling capacity. The pole number of the rotor is different from those of the stator windings. Thus, an analysis method different from that applied to conventional generators should be applied to the BEESG. In view of this problem, the equivalent circuit and electromagnetic torque expression of the BEESG are derived on the basis of electromagnetic relation of the proposed generator. The generator is simulated and tested experimentally using the established equivalent circuit model. The experimental and simulation data are then analyzed and compared. Results show the validity of the equivalent circuit model.
关键词: wind power brushless electrically excited synchronous generator hybrid rotor equivalent circuit
A solution to stochastic unit commitment problem for a wind-thermal system coordination
B. SARAVANAN,Shreya MISHRA,Debrupa NAG
《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第2期 页码 192-200 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0306-x
关键词: unit commitment (UC) randomness wind generation univariate chance constrained
Solving unit commitment problem using a novel version of harmony search algorithm
Roozbeh MORSALI,Tohid JAFARI,Amirhossein GHODS,Mohammad KARIMI
《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 297-304 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0309-7
关键词: generation scheduling harmony search (HS) algorithm intelligent technique unit commitment
A solution to the unit commitment problem—a review
B. SARAVANAN, Siddharth DAS, Surbhi SIKRI, D. P. KOTHARI
《能源前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第2期 页码 223-236 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0240-3
关键词: unit commitment (UC) optimization deterministic load stochastic load evolutionary programming (EP) hybrid
Exploring differentiated improvement strategies of cultivated land quality in China
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023523
● Cultivated land quality can be considered in four dimensions: suitability, contiguity, resistance, and ecological stress.
关键词: China cultivated land quality differentiated improvement food security
K. Sathish KUMAR, T. JAYABARATHI
《能源前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第4期 页码 394-402 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0211-0
关键词: support vector machines (SVM) structural risk minimization (SRM) equivalent capacity margin (ECM) restoration fault classification
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Allocation of grassland, livestock and arable based on the spatial and temporal analysis for food demand
Huilong LIN, Ruichao LI, Yifan LIU, Jingrong ZHANG, Jizhou REN
期刊论文
China’s new problems of food security revealed by the Food Equivalent Unit
Huilong LIN,Ruichao LI,Cangyu JIN,Chong WANG,Maohong WEI,Jizhou REN
期刊论文
THE 4C APPROACH AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND SPECIES INTERACTIONS DETERMINING INTERCROPPING PRODUCTIVITY
期刊论文
Eddy current measurement of the thickness of top Cu film of the multilayer interconnects in the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing process
Zilian QU,Yonggang MENG,Qian ZHAO
期刊论文
AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF REINTRODUCING HERB- AND LEGUME-RICH MULTISPECIES LEYS INTO ARABLE
期刊论文
Distribution of background equivalent static wind load on high-rise buildings
Jianguo ZHANG , Ming GU ,
期刊论文
Equivalent circuit and characteristic simulation of a brushless electrically excited synchronous wind
Hao WANG, Fengge ZHANG, Tao GUAN, Siyang YU
期刊论文
A solution to stochastic unit commitment problem for a wind-thermal system coordination
B. SARAVANAN,Shreya MISHRA,Debrupa NAG
期刊论文
Solving unit commitment problem using a novel version of harmony search algorithm
Roozbeh MORSALI,Tohid JAFARI,Amirhossein GHODS,Mohammad KARIMI
期刊论文
A solution to the unit commitment problem—a review
B. SARAVANAN, Siddharth DAS, Surbhi SIKRI, D. P. KOTHARI
期刊论文